Moscow Garden Ring, Khotev’s Atlas

The Khotev Atlas of Moscow is a historical cartographic atlas of the city of Moscow produced in the mid-19th century. The atlas provides a detailed breakdown of the city by district, showing the structure of the buildings and the materials used in their construction. Two successive circular walls (there is now a third) are clearly visible, defining the city’s concentric layout. The outer ring on the map is the Garden Ring. It is a boulevard with a circumference of 16 km, created in the early 1800s on the foundations of the city’s outer wall. It was lined with trees and gardens before being widened around 1930.