The paper consists of six basic parti. Horizontal planar forms through historic repetition have evolved a formal tradition. The forms are: the square, the rectangle, the cruciform, the pinwheel, the linked figure and the lozenge. Four formal problems are simultaneously attacked in the paper:
What does a planar figure become volumetrically?
How does the structure reinforce axial properties?
What are the architectonic implications of axial reinforcement?
What are the phenomenological implications of multiple axonometrics?
Two fields are employed: Sparsity (single space/volume) and Density (multiple spaces/volumes). The first five parti represent rectilinear notions of the forms: the square, the rectangle, the cruciform, the pinwheel and the linked figure. The sixth parti introduces the diagonal phenomena of the lozenge.